I used to run for miles in FL with no problem, but when I got back to the Northeast my ability to run in hot, humid conditions got progressively worse. (The big, heavy, red Elmo suit does not help things much). I was a major heat casualty in a Marathon and a 7 miler, while in excellent condition, and I learned I can no longer go all out without fear anymore in those conditions unless I want to end up in the hospital again. I am now 50 yrs. old and here is how I manage things now:
1. I know the races to avoid in warm months, and NYRR has gotten smart and re-scheduled 2 of their half marathons out of Jul and Aug. NYC Marathon is usually perfect conditions; Boston less so. Any Halfs Memorial to Labor Day are usually a no. Out west, I have no problem in dry weather.
2. As suggested, I am a slave to the HRM in warm months or long races. One year in Boston I actually had to stop and dump water to keep my HR down, but I knew holding a 5K HR at mile 12 was not going to work. Training, same.
3. It sucks some days, but starting well before sunrise is the way to go. I do like being done early too.
4. My trails of choice at Rockefeller are cool, shaded and many degrees cooler especially in the mornings. It is a little drive but worth it.
5. I am sure nobody wants to see my old man physique, but I toss my shirt whenever possible, it drops probably a pound of sweat and feels cooler, and wet shirts do nothing for you unless drenched in cool water.
6. For long runs I drop drinks in the bushes to pick up along the way (I hate carrying water or stupid fuel fanny packs).
7. I don't know about the physiology, but sometimes I feel like the slow, slogs are counter-productive so I might dial down a longer run and re-schedule if it gets really bad.
8. Later in the day is not cooler but around here often dryer which helps. Check the NOAA site which gives hour by hour dew point and humidity so you can look at the low points and determine what levels work for you.
9. Unless you need the hill work, consider a flatter course.
10. November rules!