semantics wrote: I'm genuinely curious, when did "liberal" become a recognised insult in the US?
I recall this shift occurring some time in the 80's (1). The Republicans seemed ahead of the Democrats on the power of words as weapons - a single word could smear someone's image a lot quicker and easier than discussing actual facts and records.
So they sneered whenever they said "liberal" and preceded it with "tax and spend", and the next thing you know the word was taken to mean "irresponsible bleeding heart who wants to bankrupt this country". (2)
In the best case, the liberal's intentions were good, his heart in the right place. But due to his lack of foresight (like the little pigs who built the straw and wood houses) and lack of inclination or ability to engage the left brain to do a little matter-of-fact accounting, crunch some numbers, consider consequences, he was a Don Quixote-esque impossible dreamer who we maybe deserved a smile and pat on the head - but absolutely no check signing privileges.
Or to crank it up another gear, the liberal was dangerous more ways than economically. Look - he's a bleeding heart, he wants to take all the money and power away from whites and give it to the blacks and other minorities, women, gays... he's dangerous, traitorous, and of dubious masculinity. He hates the hard-working decent folk so much he'd turn violent non-white criminals free so they could rape and pillage and murder:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willie_HortonI'm guessing some of this likely gained momentum in the 1980 election as the nation was preparing to vote Reagan in and Carter out, in a landslide. But hey I was only 12 and not paying much attention.
Another word shift the Republicans got a lot of play from, this one I did notice after a few years of it in the early '90s, was the virtual eradication of "citizen" from the lexicon, to be replaced with "taxpayer". Think about that: once upon a time it made sense for JFK to implore citizens "ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country". Citizens had a shared interest in contributing - whether we're talking taxes, service, loyalties, emotions - to their country. But if your relationship to the country is as a taxpayer, well, that's practically like the gub'mint stealing from you ain't it? About the only way you can react to that notion is to resent their hand in your pocket, and resent everyone in and out of government laying claim to your pennies, dimes, and dollars.
Anyhow, that's what I recall, "semantics". Surely some of those older and wiser and more politically involved and aware at the time could tell you more. And I don't imagine you require a disclaimer from me that my recollections aren't coming from total political neutrality.
(1) But see also the McCarthy years, the red scare, all of that. I wasn't around and don't know if the word "liberal" itself took on sinister overtones; but clearly the art of sinister insinuation was in full swing. G-ds help you if you were a Red or sympathizer like my grandparents.
(2) This isn't the post, and I'm not the person, to talk about actual economic consequences from the last several administrations of either party.