When the weather is warm and parks have their outdoor drinking fountains turned on, I simply run by them as-needed. When they're turned off for the winter, I can usually do 20-22 without any water. For emergencies anytime, I will go into public/semi-public buildings that usually have water by their bathrooms (grocery stores, universities, train/bus stations, etc.). Running stores are usually happy to provide some as well. If I drive somewhere to run, like a bike path, then I'll try to park somewhere in the middle so I can use my car as a water stop while doing out and back runs in either direction on the path. As a final fail-safe, I always carry cash or credit card so that I could buy a bottle at a gas station or convenience store if absolutely necessary (this is mostly for hot weather when I screw up and don't use the previously mentioned options in a smart way).
There was a magazine interview with Bill Rodgers a while back (maybe ca. 2000?) saying that he still kept a gatorade bottle hidden somewhere at the base of a tree that he'd leave to use over multiple days, filling it back up when needed. Not sure I'm trusting enough to do that, even if I were somewhere rural.