By your logic you are no more likely to be injured running than standing still.
I'm oversimplifying a little but nowhere did I say that the ground absorbed a force. The correct way to think about this is that when forces are applied materials deform to an extent inversely proportional to their Young's modulus. This leads to the general result that more of the deformation takes place in the softer material. Generally the more deformation, the more damage so to avoid damaging your bones, you'd like most of the deformation to happen in the ground and in your shoes. So far so good?
Ok, about your previous post. The net force applied to the ground is determined only by your weight and cadence and ground contact time and is pretty uninteresting. You are right about that. However, that's the net force doesn't tell the whole story. There is a sharp initial spike when the foot first hits the ground coming from the kinetic energy of the foot slapping down and braking. This energy is going to be dissipated (absorbed) somewhere. Hopefully your shoe will take the brunt of it but it's nice having a soft, deformable ground to absorb the rest.