Let's throw the name and implications of Canova out the window, narrow the scope to just the marathon event, and identify the broader principles at play in these programs. Canova borrowed from Rosa, who borrowed from Gigliotti, etc, so... Also, let's please not lift Brad Hudson or Scott Simmons to this same pedestal. I too can read a forum post and claim to be "using a Canova system. "
1) High Running Volumes at Moderate Intensities between 80-95% of MP, relative to ability level and lifestyle factors
2) Adequate faster running between roughly HM and 10K pace to raise/maintain aerobic power levels
3) Fast sprints on a weekly basis for fast twitch fiber recruitment, key to late race utilization
4) Appropriate rest following key sessions
5) The occasional "big day" every 3-4 weeks to challenge the body and spur adaptation (ie- a special or specific block)
6) Challenging long runs nearing goal race duration that include some running between 95-105% of target pace, either as a long tempo or alternation session; 25K+ is specific work; roughly every two weeks
For the amateur runner and sub-elite marathoner, these basic principles can still be applied. We obviously can't run 120mls+ a week and lie about all day (most of us) with jobs and responsibilities, but we can run slightly more than our last training cycle, run faster than our last training cycle, recover better between sessions, and extend time spent at marathon pace. Genetics and talent will dictate our microcycle length, and our ultimate marathon potential. But, it is probably significantly higher than we expect.
-Peyton Hoyal