This thread motivated me to find my copy of "Van Aaken Method" by Ernst van Aaken, M.D. 1976. World Publications: CA.
On the subject of weight:
"If you take two men of exactly the same height, one a shot putter, and the other Harald Norpoth, and you weigh the bones, the difference in the weight of the bones is only going to be 900 grams (about two pounds). The normal weight is a function of the muscles, the water and the connective tissues."
On Prefontaine and weight:
"He probably couldn't have brought his weight down further, any more than Norpoth could bring his weight down further. Every person has his own weight where he has gotten rid of practically all of the fat. He can't get down lower than that."
On running slowly:
"With Harald Norpoth, I had to teach him to run slowly. By "slowly," I mean 400 meters in two minutes (about eight-minute mile pace). He'd do it 10 times, 4000 meters total, as a start. This would be 350 meters of running, a minute of walking, again slowly 350 meters, etc. Of course, this training could last for 10 hours..."
On losing weight:
Eat only 1000 calories a day if you want to lose weight. Train when hungry so the body learns to switch over to burning fat instead of carbohydrate. Run at least 14 hours after eating. If you can teach the body to shift gears this way, you can run 500 kilometers (300-plus miles).