I guess I should have said U.S. athletes to be clear. I am pretty sure if I looked at a break down of the WADA report you referenced, the bulk of that 40+% would be from about a half dozen countries with weak AD programs. I would be more interested in seeing USADA numbers. I spent decades in and around elite athletes and there is a decently accurate profile of a doper and most U.S. athlete don't fit that profile. Very few U.S. athletes rely on money from running as their only source of income and those that do are in tightly controlled groups where their comings, going, daily activities, contacts, relationships and whereabouts are pretty well known. It is really difficult to dope when you live and train with a group of athletes who are constantly around you, a coach who tracks every aspect of your training and performances, a nutritionist who monitors your diet, you are among the most tested athletes in the world and btw, your training groups conducts their own tests as well. You are educated, most likely you have a college degree and a post running career available to you, you are well aware of the health risks, the risk of getting caught and winning a global medal is extremely important, but not life of death. With all of that said, U.S. athlete do dope, but you are crazy if you really believe 40+% may be doping. Albeit, I am somewhat disconnected these days, but when I was connected, when a U.S. athlete was caught doping it was a major shock in the pro athlete community.