Alacrity wrote:
Pull-ups to fatigue.
Push-ups to fatigue.
Dips to fatigue.
Decline sit-ups until fatigue.
The Pedestal routine (Jay Johnson's stuff--look it up).
At dip station, hang from thing and do leg raises so your legs are parallel to the group until fatigue.
Core, core, core for distance runners.
Working to fatigue will help the athlete gain size, but if you want to improve performance you should be going for either muscular power or muscular endurance. I prefer going for power, as most runners already have a fair amount of muscular endurance.
Keep in mind you should be training the nervous system as well as the muscles. Do a short warm up of each exercise then use a near maximal weight and lift it 5-6 times with perfect form. Don't go to failure, I see people doing this in the gym all the time, doing workouts with terrible form just to eek out that extra rep or two. Not worth it.
It depends on what the athlete needs more then anything. Personally, I don't do anything for the chest or upper back because those muscles bulk up very easily for me and they are not used a huge amount in running anyways. They are basically dead weight. I have enough strength in my upper body anyways. If a runner is very thin and not strong at all in the upper body, lifting weights for the upper body can help. It all depends on the individual.
I do agree with the core though, having good stability around the hips and abdomen helps absorb the pounding, makes you more efficient, reduces injury and aids speed.
You run from your hips, and the farther the muscle group is away from your core then the less it needs to be strengthened for running. I try and focus on the glutes, hamstrings, quads and lower abs/lower back when lifting-for some people running is enough to strengthen the legs adequately, but I need the lifting as well.
The best advice I can give is look up a bunch of different exercises and try them all. After doing that just stick with the ones that you feel benefit you the most. Your training plan needs to be personalized for YOU, and you or your coach will be able to do that far better then anyone else.