Adding to my post above about the CAS's paradoxical decision in the Semenya case:
The underlying, unstated reason for the CAS's seemingly-contradictory decision in the Semenya case appears to be a longstanding belief amongst sports policy makers, sports law experts and jurists is that when it comes to XY DSD athletes like Chand and Semenya, it's better to err on the side of caution out of kindness and respect for XY DSD athletes.
Ever since the Maria Jose Patino Martinez case in the late 1980s, the IAAF and other male-run sports governing bodies including the IOC - and the CAS - have bent over backwards not to make the lives of XY DSD athletes any more difficult than they've already been. For good and admirable reason, they've not wanted to be in any way unfair to a group of people who constitute a teeny-tiny minority of the world's population and who historically have been horribly mistreated simply because they were born with physical conditions that set them apart from the norm.
In recent years, mostly male sports policy-makers have extended the same kinds of sympathy and respect they've shown to XY DSD athletes like Martinez Patino, Chand and Semenya to another group who used to be very small in number: adult males who wish they were female. Seeing transwomen as another teeny- tiny minority group who've historically often been treated unkindly and sometimes unfairly, especially by other males, policy-makers as well as many others eagerly adopted the position summed up by Joe Biden when in 2012 he began publicly saying, "trans rights are the civil rights issue of our time." Reflecting this view, sports policy makes decided to take a super-accommodating and placating stance to males like Joanna Harper, Veronica Ivy, Laurel Hubbard, CeCe Telfer, Lia Thomas et al by deciding in recent years to put in place rules that made it very easy for a large number of males who say they "identify as" women to start muscling in on women's sports.
Unfortunately, the solicitous stance that sports policy-makers have adopted regarding XY DSD athletes and normally-developed male athletes with opposite-sex gender identities has caused them to come up with policies and practices that have been blatantly unfair to female athletes. Those proclaiming that "trans rights are the civil rights issue of our time" didn't notice - or didn't care - that in many areas, there are clear conflicts between what's being demanded in the name of "trans rights" and the rights of female people, and the rights of other marginalized groups (such as people with language processing difficulties, memory problems, dementia, and Muslims and orthodox Jews).
Moreover, the blatantly unfair policies put in place to accommodate males who want in on female sports have been dispiriting, demoralizing and rage-inducing for girls and women looking on. Large numbers of women and girls have been crushed and outraged to see how officials, journalists, activists and others who claim they "progressive" and "on the right side of history" have bent over backwards to be kind to male athletes like Lia Thomas, Telfer and Ivy and to "respect their pronouns" whilst at the same time saying the female athletes forced to compete against athletes like Thomas, Telfer and Ivy - and to share their locker rooms with them - should suck it up and shut up, or else be derided as transphobes and subject to abuse and sanctions.
But with the Semenya decision in 2019 - and more recently with the revised policies announced by orgs like World Rugby, FINA, UCI and British Triathlon, and the position of UK Sports Councils and the UK government officials - the pendulum in some circles is starting to swing the other way. Fairness for female athletes is finally beginning to be restored in some sports at least at the elite levels.
I know this is not what you and people like Veronica Ivy want to hear, testy - but too bad and tough noogies.
Like Boris Johnson recently said when announcing his resignation as PM of the UK, "them's the breaks." Or as us mums tell toddlers when they keep throwing their toys out of their prams or making a din by banging their spoons against their highchairs and wailing at the top of their lungs, "that's how the teething cookie crumbles."