You have a couple options here:
Big school and find a running club.
Small school and try to join the university team.
Any school and train on your own.
If you would like the best facilities - finding a university team with a good coach would be the way to go in my opinion. There will probably be some hoops to jump through with the NCAA, so I would contact the coach as soon as (or even before) your study abroad gets approved. Having a coach, teammates and athletic trainers is very helpful for having support for your goals and keeping on track. On DIII teams, you can usually make of it what you want - still have time for other social experiences if you want.
A quick check for the NCAA rankings gives these engineering schools at the DIII level (I don't know about CS, and I almost certainly missed some)- you would probably be somewhere middle of the pack on these teams, not necessarily making the championship teams:
North Central
MIT
Johns Hopkins
Haverford
Tufts
RPI
Harvey Mudd
Carnegie Mellon
NYU
Other schools that I know off the top of my head that have decent distance programs and will have science/engineering in some capacity:
RIT
Rochester
WPI (not as good of a running program)