It is definitely best to avoid smokey areas if you can. There is surprisingly a decent amount of research on air pollution's effects on athletic performance.
The combination of particulate matter and various toxic gases is especially dangerous to athletes because of the higher ventilation rates. So, a sedentary person breathing in smokey air will get a much lower dose of particulate matter than an athlete.
There is actually not much done on wood smoke - most of the research is done using exhaust from fossil fuel combustion engines. The few that are out there don't use exercise protocols equivalent to the intensity of running an 8x800m interval workout, so it is tough to say.
The ultrafine particulate matter is the most dangerous particulate component, as it gets deposited deeper within the lungs, and I would imagine that much of the particulate matter in the Colorado fires has agglomerated to form much larger particles by the time you are breathing it in.
There is some evidence that we can adapt to particulate matter exposure, but that is limited. So as far as this workout making you "tougher" it is a possibility, but it is also very possible that it will have a lot of negative effects, as particulate matter exposure has been demonstrated to do (impaired blood vessel function, decreased heart rate variability, increased pulmonary inflammation).
My advice is stay out of it as best as possible for now - do a treadmill workout or something. Going to a windy place with lots of airflow may help, as particle concentration may be lower there.