8-12 weeks and it depends on how you structure the training. In HS we ran intervals (800s, kilos and miles mostly) all through August, and then continued with similar workouts and two 5k races most weeks for September and October. I felt like I was always just about right around Nov. 1st when State Meet was. This might also be influenced by the weather though.
For College it might be harder to judge from the runner's experiences since they run 8k-10k for men (which is less reflective of VO2max than the 5k). But you coach women so they might be good examples.
Can't think of a reason why someone would say 18 weeks, since that would leave too little time for 2 base periods and two development periods (in one year). Maybe they believe it should be patterned to include indoor track and outdoor (Feb., March, April, May ~= 18 weeks) or maybe they include weeks of non-VO2max training in that figure.
But, no, either way 18 weeks is excessive. That woudl be 45-55 workouts or races aimed at developing VO2max. Quite a lot.