In this argument, there seem to be 2 very extreme perspectives: Folk who think it's only 80 year old grandad in care homes who need to worry, and folks who think the world is ending. Obviously, both are wrong.
However, even the greatest 'fearmongerer' has to admit that the disease isn't as scary as we initially believed. Most of us probably don't know anyone who's been seriously ill with covid, and for those who do it was likely someone who wasn't in the best state of health to begin with.
I did read somewhere that 99.3% of deaths are from folks with underlying conditions, and the average age of death is 82. Whether those numbers are accurate I don't know.
We've also heard a few stories of 'younger' seemingly healthy folks struggling with the disease. It's obviously rare, but can happen.
However, I think this whole fear of 'permanent damage' is laughable. These people suffering lingering symptoms are those who were brought to the brink of death by the disease, they are not people who had a slight cough for a couple of days. If you were weakened to the point where you were in hospital dying, OF COURSE you'll still be struggling for months afterwards! Do you really think you'll be discharged one day and be 100% fine then next? Your body needs time to recover! If you broke your leg and missed 6 months of training, you wouldn't run a 14 minute 5k the day you return!
If you catch COVID and it gives you a cough, then yes, you may experience a period of weeks or a couple of months where you're not at your full fitness. For some it will surely be longer than others. But the human body is incredible, it can repair itself! And it will! Just give it time and don't expect to be running PB's the month after you make a comeback.