I found this thread really useful following an Atrial Fibrillation bout so wanted to share my experience.
35 years old
75-79kg
2:39 marathon, 33:30 10k, 15:50 5k (also, as a triathlete, national age group champ and world champ medallist)
30-50 mpw (+lots of biking/swimming when I was racing triathlon)
The AFib Episode: uneventful
Summer 2018 (age 34) I went into AFib during an easy 'shakeout' swim 48 hours before a swim/run race in Sweden. After being in AFib for 24 hours (no symptoms other than the funky heart beat) I went to ER and was successfully converted back to sinus rhythm (cardioversion). I did the race the next day (won it - woop). It's also worth noting I'd been in a super stressful life period (2 toddlers, no sleep, big job etc.) and it was one of the hottest summers on record for most of my training.
The diagnosis: interesting
On returning to the UK I saw a cardiologist and had ECG/MRI etc. Upshot was I had a severely dilated (i.e. stretched) left atrium (46 ml/m2 indexed to body surface area). Everything else was hunky-dory. The atrial stretch was almost certainly the reason I went into AFib and the atrial stretch was almost certainly an adaptation to my training over the past 20+ years (I was a competitive swimmer age 10-18 and triathlete age 24 - 34).
The outlook: not great
My cardiologist explained (sensibly) that given the extent of atrial stretch, the chances were extremely high that I would (and will) go into AFib again. Maybe in a week, maybe a year, maybe a decade. But it will happen. And once it's happened twice, it is even more likely to happen a third time (and sooner) and so on and so forth until your in persistent AFib. Bad.
The solution: surprisingly simple
To decrease the chances, or at least delay the inevitable onset, of a my next episode the options were to have an ablation (which seemed hasty after only one episode) or to try and shrink the heart. I chose shrinking the heart. To decondition I reduced my training from 10-12 hours of swim/bike run down to 4 hours per week of running (~50k) keeping my heart rate below 110bpm and no single session >60 minutes.
The results: encouraging
After 3 months on the deconditioning program my resting heart rate had increased from 36bpm to 50bpm, and my left atrium decreased from 46 ml/m2 to 40 ml/m2 which only just left me in the 'severely abnormal' category. 1ml/m2 away from 'mildly abnormal'. Good news. We were so excited by the change that we tried another 3 months deconditioning - however there was no further reduction in volume. Ultimately we decided that it was a case of drastically diminishing returns and (given I want to keep racing and was not a happy bunny when deconditioning) it wasn't worth trying to push further.
Moving forward: moderation
I've quit triathlon for the time being and am focused on running where you can get much closer to your athletic potential with far fewer hours straining the heart. I needed to put in 15-20 hours per week to be competitive in triathlon, but with running 6-8 hours seems to be plenty. Interestingly, since the deconditioning, my max heart rate has also increased from ~170 to ~180. Presumably because my atrium is smaller it pumps faster (or potentially because it just appreciated the long break...). I'll get an ECG annually and keep a close eye on my resting pulse (if it gets into the 30's I'm probably getting 'too fit'.