For whatever its worth, none of the runners at my school did anything other than interval workouts or strides in racing shoes, and many of them still managed to spend a good deal of time in the bleachers with bags of ice at their meets.
I believe that there are 3 types of runners who do their daily running in racing shoes:
1. Very efficent runners who can run in just about anything without any problems. You won't see them on the bleachers with bags of ice during their meets.
2. Physically fit runners with no severe physical deformities (feet with no arches whatsoever) who are trying to become more efficient. If they stick to it, most of them will become more efficient, stronger, and less dependent on their shoes to soak up the excess shock that they generate by hitting the ground very hard in thick shoes that let them hit the ground very hard without any indication that it's a bad idea. They'll might get injured more often until they acclimate to the reduced cushioning and support, and then they'll be fine.
3. Idiots that think "I should train as fast as possible every single day, and I need racing shoes to train as fast as possible." They're going to get injured anyway, no matter what they put on their feet.