lmb wrote:
It is a wonder that Jumbo Elliot, Lydiard, Cerutty, Gags, and Dellinger managed to coach anyone without this knowledge.
The knowledge was there in those days. If anybody wants to dispute this, please refer to the early studies on metabolics from the 1930s.
I've taught this to my AP Bio students a few times, so I think that I can explain this pretty simply.
Glucose is converted to pyruvate in the cellular cytoplasm, this is called glycolosis. It requires no oxygen.
If oxygen is present, the pyruvate molecule will be transported into the mitochondiron and lose a CO2. It will then combine with Co-enzyme A and be ready to combine with oxaloacetic acid, thus entering the krebs or citric acid cycle. This will release a couple more ATP and a bunch of carrier molecules that can take electrons to the electron transport chain.
If insufficient oxygen is present in the cytoplasm, the pyruvate will not enter the mitochondrion, rather be converted to lactic acid via the fermentation process. That lactic acid will not be converted back to until there is sufficient oxygen to do so (ie after the race or after you have slowed your pace back down)
If you define anaerobic exercise as exercise that demands more energy than can be provided simply by the complete metabolism of glucose via the krebs (citric acid)cycle, then you can "go anaerobic" quite easily.