I'll take a crack at this, although I'm sure I'm leaving out and misinterpreting a lot of Canova's methodology. Please comment on what you feel is missing or is misinterpreted. Please add to it, and maybe we can compile tweaks here and there to build a training program with our collective knowledge. This is just a basic overview, but is probably more influenced by Brad Hudson whose training methodology is heavily influenced by Canova.
I'd say focus the Introductory Period on getting your mileage up with a mix of Progression Runs (fast and moderate, working up the distance of the fast/moderate portions in proportion to your whole run), 4mmol LT runs, hill sprints, and hill circuits.
A note on the 4mmol LT runs: At the beginning the traditional 4mmol threshold will be used--but as the program progresses, the threshold you want to focus on is the aerobic support, which isn't at 4mmol for a 1500m. I think Canova once said it should be nearer to 7-10mmol during the Special and Specific Period. This doesn't mean you should be doing 30 min. at a level of 7-10mmol, but rather focus on 3k paced work as your aerobic support. 4mmol work at this stage is just aerobic support for the aerobic support in the next phase.)
For the Fundamental Period, maintain mileage, but start to add faster paces. Keep the traditional LT runs (4mmol) while introducing some longer hill sprints at max intensity with long recovery, working from 100m to 400-600m). Throw in some fartlek running with bouts at around 3k pace. Keep the hill sprints and hill circuits.
For the Special Period, begin to add in specific endurance workouts that more or less extend from your long hill sprints. Canova once mentioned that one of his Italian 800m specialists ended up with the WL 800m time indoors (1:45) with basically only hard 20 min. runs and long hill sprints at max intensity. Begin the specific endurance workouts as intermittent work at your CURRENT 1500m pace. From there, every 7-10 days (or even more days in between), extend the fast running distance while gradually moving toward your goal race pace. Also make sure to keep working your Aerobic Support during this phase, which I'd say would be 3k-5k work. You might also want to tack on some short intervals (maybe 200m) at 800m pace at the end of your specific endurance workouts, so you have some speed support for the specific endurance workouts you'll focus on during the Specific Period.
Once your specific endurance workouts are run at goal pace, your Specific Period would begin. This period would emphasize specific endurance work at goal pace, while maintaining aerobic support at 3k pace. However, I'm not sure how much work should be done to improve Anaerobic Capacity, which is essential for a 1500m runner to perform well. This is one aspect of Canova's methodology that I never figured out. I'd say add in Anaerobic Capacity training when you go from Special to Specific. Then, try to finish your Specific Period specific endurance intervals FAST to build up your anaerobic capacity.
I guess the idea is that you have to incorporate all of your training, never replacing but instead adding. So, for example, during the Introductory Period, you might do three progression runs a week at varying intensities with one LT run a week. During the Fundamental Period, you'd do maybe 2 progression runs a week, one aerobic support run, and a hill and a fartlek run. During the Special Period, you'd do a progression run, an aerobic support run, a specific endurance run, a hill run, and maybe some diagonals. At this point, you can't cram all the workouts you've accumulated into a simple weely schedule, so you'd have to push your cycle to 10 days or perhaps longer. Once you get the the Specific Phase, you really want to emphasize specific endurance workouts, but you have to maintain everything else, so Your cycle might be two weeks or so.