I have a neighbor who runs ultras, I think he holds the 6h and 12h national records. He just raced a 5K downhill (nothing too crazy, about -10m for km 2, 3, 4 and +10m uphill for 5th km) in low-mid 15s. He trains, most of the time, at 6:00/km (~10 min/mile).
I used to train similarly to the ultra guy and run my easy runs that easy, too, and raced a 3K @ ~3:40/km, following Hadd's approach, so very little speedwork. I ran 10K in 37:15 in October and can probably race a 3K @ ~3:20/km, my easy pace is now 5:00-5:15/km (~8:00-8:25/mi), for which my HR stays at 145-ish on average (my max is 197 and I'm always running with a chest strap).