All the demographic surveys on the centenarians have highlighted that females outnumber males. The centenarians' male/female (M/F) ratio reported by most studies ranges between 1:4 and 1:7. A puzzling 1:2 ratio was observed i...
Women live longer. Estrogen helps reduce heart disease, and they're less likely to die from "male" things as well (motorcycle crash, gang shooting, etc)
I think the fact that they're generally smaller has something to do it. Being large and carrying more muscle mass is hard on the body long term. Their bodies are generally more efficient but less powerful.
One gender has the hard manufacturing jobs for the people that would be that age now. In much of the world it is still that way. Men overwhelmingly do heavy manufacturing and go into combat. The other gender knit's doilies and attends bake sales. In only some of the world do women work and even in them they don't do as much of the dangerous work. Therefore they get to live longer
One gender has the hard manufacturing jobs for the people that would be that age now. In much of the world it is still that way. Men overwhelmingly do heavy manufacturing and go into combat. The other gender knit's doilies and attends bake sales. In only some of the world do women work and even in them they don't do as much of the dangerous work. Therefore they get to live longer
But leaving aside combat like professions carrying mortal risk, you’d think the exercise from heavier manual labor would benefit men. There are studies that show that bus conductors live longer than bus drivers for example because they walk around a lot more.
The pool of men born 100 years ago would have been military age for multiple major wars. Also in prime years, men would be working a majority of the time while the women were overwhelmingly homemakers.
Men do tend to drink and eat more heavily, especially in that demographic. Cardio exercise wasn’t really commonplace for men 60 years ago.
Just some plausible reasons. I’m sure there are plenty of detailed studies out there.
women live better lifes than men. you don't have women incels, but you have (a lot) of men incels.
You’re right. Men do much more dangerous work on average than women do, plus many other things.
In all my years, I’m still yet to see all female construction crews building bridges, sky scrapers, etc. Or, all female oil field crews. Would LOVE to see that day. Women spinning chain on an oil rig would need to be a TV show all itself.
So, you’re right, many women do live ‘better’ lives.
One gender has the hard manufacturing jobs for the people that would be that age now. In much of the world it is still that way. Men overwhelmingly do heavy manufacturing and go into combat. The other gender knit's doilies and attends bake sales. In only some of the world do women work and even in them they don't do as much of the dangerous work. Therefore they get to live longer
But leaving aside combat like professions carrying mortal risk, you’d think the exercise from heavier manual labor would benefit men. There are studies that show that bus conductors live longer than bus drivers for example because they walk around a lot more.
I'm not talking about mechanic. I'm talking coal mining, steel production, manually building the railroad, chemical manufacturing, and the like.
One gender has the hard manufacturing jobs for the people that would be that age now. In much of the world it is still that way. Men overwhelmingly do heavy manufacturing and go into combat. The other gender knit's doilies and attends bake sales. In only some of the world do women work and even in them they don't do as much of the dangerous work. Therefore they get to live longer
Also dangerous work like sitting in front of a computer all day.
Women live longer. Estrogen helps reduce heart disease, and they're less likely to die from "male" things as well (motorcycle crash, gang shooting, etc)
Yes, women live longer than men. But it's probably not coz of estrogen. (Also, the theory about estrogen reducing heart disease hasn't been borne out by research.)
Estrogen definitely wouldn't explain why so many more women live to 100 than men do - which is what OP was wondering about. Because women who live to 100 won't have been making much/any estrogen for the past 50 years.
During peri-menopause, which usually starts between 40 and 44, women's estrogen levels begin declining markedly. After menopause, which usually happens at 50-51, women produce hardly any estrogen.
In fact, after menopause, women have less estrogen than grown men of all ages.
According to Mayo Clinic Labs, the reference range for natural estrogen in women after menopause is <10 pg/mL; in adult men of all ages, it's 10-40 pg/mL
The reason women live longer than men on average - and so many more women make it to advanced old age than men do - is probably largely or mostly due to genetics, especially the fact that women have an extra X chromosome.
The genes on the two sex chromosomes appear to regulate how all the genes on the other 22 pair of chromosomes - the autosomes - behave. Moreover, the fact that women and girls have an extra X chromosome rather than only one X seems to endow us with more robust immune function than men and boys have. Two copies of the X chromosome rather than just one copy also provide females with a backup extra copy of certain crucial X chromosome genes that can get activated when something goes with the same genes on the other X. This seems to serve as a genetic fail-safe system of sorts.
But that doesn't mean sex hormones play no role at all in bringing about the difference in male and female longevity. It's just that the role of sex hormones has probably been vastly over-estimated. Or rather, the role of the sex hormone estrogen has probably been vastly over-estimated. If differences in sex hormones are part of the reason why women live longer than men, and why so many more women make it to 100 than men do, the likelihood is that the key sex hormone behind the disparity is testosterone rather than estrogen.
In other words, chances are that women live longer than men not because we have a lot of estrogen in our systems for about 40 years of our lives - a period that's only 40% of the total lifetime of a centenarian - but because at no time in our lives do we ever have anywhere near the levels of testosterone that males are flooded with during development in utero, the first year after birth and the entire adolescent and adult male life span from puberty until death.
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