Some good answers.
I would like to add that you go by feel as that was the intention of fartlek to begin with.
Don't plan your fartlek other than just planning to go out. If you feel like going to that next stop light at 5-minute mile EFFORT (not pace), do that, see how that feels, jog for a bit.
If, for example, during the base phase you had a coach that prescribed doing 12 x 400m at 5K race pace (for example) and you were tired from previous runs, or work or lack of sleep or coming down with a cold, then that PACE is likely too fast. You can dig a hole there. So by feel is the answer....now...
If you were feeling like a million bucks and everything was clicking....then milk it a bit and get some stimulus. But still run by feel, analyze the results later.
There is a time for harder interval sessions that are paced (and some not paced) after the hill phase, which comes after the base phase. Some coaches skip the hill phase and do a blend that is like a hill phase with some intervals and some mileage....so to have a gradual transition to anaerobic running.
Personally I like a hill phase for road runners 5K - marathon, but much lighter on the hard bouncing stuff. To me that is best suited for middle-distance.
Anyway: BY FEEL, don't strain, stop early, don't go for one extra. Just create the stimulus and move to the warm-down.