RunRagged writes:
"If you can suggest a better way of restoring fairness and insuring female safety than these other orgs have come up with so far, please share it."
So, aside from breaking the monopoly that World Athletics and a few other associations have over international competition (thus allowing multiple rule sets to exist), I would again say the precise definitions of men and women, and their eligibility to compete is something that needs to happen at the grassroots level of each sport in each nation, with the requirement that countries must be consistent in their approach (internal rules should match external rules) and not try to game the system.
But perhaps the biggest change should be the natural evolution of sport towards integrated competition, and games that are not so centered on male-specific traits. The generally held view that women need to be protected from men by excluding them from joint competition is, well, nonsense. The truth is rather much more that men's fragile sense of masculinity is what has needed protecting.
Most sports wouldn't need to be segregated if they were organized according to mixed or team-based principles. People just lack imagination about how to do it. Title IX, for example, was about ensuring girls were equally included in advanced classes (with boys), not that they should have their own classes. The point, for this conversation, is that once sports are integrated, it becomes much easier to integrate DSD and trans athletes into the mix, as well as reduce gender-typing in general. In my district, a whopping 9% of middle school students as well as high school students do not identify as being male or female. Is there some generational adolescent angst and/or irrational exuberance contributing to this number? Probably so, and I can't say I fully understand the phenomenon. But the common practice of separating athletes, or anyone, strictly into groups of girls and boys is now clearly on the wane, and, as it should be, sport is on the vanguard of the discussion (just as it was for racial integration, etc.).
What would integrated sport look like? Well, every sport is unique and integration would look different depending on the particular characteristics of each. But, for example, it would only take some minor rule modifications for mixed cross-country teams to compete against each other, by giving points to say, 10 runners (M & F/etc), instead of only 5. (One the one hand, female members of the team are unlikely to get top spots, but on the other, the slowest female doesn't have to worry about getting passed like the male members of the team.) In the Japan New Year's Ekiden race, for example, there is zero reason and no need to even modify the rules to allow mixed teams of 5 and 5 to compete, and it would be much more exciting to watch. In high school wrestling, there is already some grappling between boys and girls (when they lack competitors in their class), and weight classes could be harmonized or handicapped, for example. Intergender swimming; not a problem. Of course, other sports might not be good candidates, and there should be sports more suited to characteristics typically considered and valued as female as well. This evolution, perhaps inevitable, will nevertheless be a slow-moving process.