Jon Orange wrote:
Thanks for the input.
Yes I was using a narrow definition of homeostasis to illustrate the point about the natural hematocrit being the optimal one for endurance athletes. Because the belief that more RBCs allows more oxygen transport ignores this fact. Adrenaline will increase oxygen uptake to the natural peak. I would like to see more studies into the effects of adrenaline on performance.
Yes women have lower testosterone than men, but even steroid using women are/were the same 8-10 slower than men. I find it strange that many of the women's records are very old. I think there is a lack of belief that they can be beaten, which needs to be addressed.
Yes VO2 max varies a lot in elite athletes, but those with the highest oxygen uptake have the lowest oxygen economy and vice versa.
I don't believe that a well trained runner can increase oxygen uptake, because the heart can't keep growing beyond the normal hypertrophy, which I think is a misnomer, the word should be normotrophy, because athletes do not have super enlarged hearts, that is an old myth. They have normal sized hearts.
I think that people also mythologize about capillarization, since it is an ongoing process throughout our lives, and surely the extra cardiovascular stress of elite sport demands a greater amount of angiognesis just to maintain cardiovascular function. Thus new capillaries have to be produced.
I think that a great deal of mythologizing has also been done about mitochondrial density too. Some ridiculous claims have been made for increases and decreases due to training and detraining.
You don't believe a well trained runner can increase oxygen uptake but you don't know for sure?
What is the need for increased capillarization and the cardiovascular stress of elite sport? I thought you said there was less demand to elites due to increased efficiency?