The wave of extraordinary distance performances began in August
1994, when miler Noureddine Morceli of Algeria stepped up in
distance and ran 7:25.11 for 3,000 meters (roughly the
equivalent of an 8:01 two-mile), breaking by nearly four seconds
the world record held by Moses Kiptanui of Kenya. In the late
'80s, Said Aouita of Morocco had become the first runner to
break 7:30 for the 3,000 and 13 minutes for the 5,000, but
Morceli's time was the first to drop jaws.
The performances of Gebrselassie and Komen have dropped them
much farther. Since '94, Gebrselassie has broken the 5,000 and
10,000 records seven times, and in June he took back the 5,000
mark (12:39.36) from Komen and the 10,000 mark (26:22.75) from
Kenya's Paul Tergat. Komen, 22, holds the 3,000 record and is
the only man in history to have broken eight minutes for two
miles (7:58.61; each of his miles was faster than Roger
Bannister's legendary first sub-four). "You have many runners
racing very fast right now," says Baumann. "But really you have
two runners who are pulling the rest along."
..As with most dramatic improvements in track and field, the drop
in distance times has been viewed by some as the product of
performance-enhancing drugs. The performance enhancer of the
moment is said to be EPO (erythropoietin), a genetically
engineered substance that stimulates the production of red blood
cells and thus mimics blood doping by increasing the
oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Without mentioning EPO,
former U.S. 10,000-meter record holder and three-time New York
City marathon champion Alberto Salazar voices the skepticism of
many observers. "I believe that there can always be that one
great person, that Superman who can run 45 seconds faster than
Henry Rono," says Salazar. "But all these people running so
fast? That's incomprehensible to me."
EPO is a banned substance, but there is no reliable test for it.
One popular theory is that once a test for EPO is developed,
distance records will level off as athletes stop using it en
masse. The model sport for this theory is the shot put, in which
the top 21 throws in history were all made before 1991, when
testing for that event's then drugs of choice (mainly anabolic
steroids) became more effective.
But assuming Gebrselassie, Komen and the rest of the elite
distance runners are in fact clean--and they say they
are--expect them to go ever faster. Komen believes he can soon
run 12:24 for 5,000 meters (just under 60 seconds for each of 12
1/2 400-meter laps), and Gebrselassie says of his latest 10,000
record, "It is not so fast. It was not so hard to run."