The Affirmative Action was a De-Facto Reparation given to Blacks who had ancestors who were NOT allowed to learn from 1619-1863 (1865) in Texas. in 1954 Brown VS Board of Education said Separate is NOT equal, so the schools were integrated assuring everyone had the same teaching and facilities (Which does not usually work in practice as many Black Neighborhoods do not have the tax base to build the best facilities and recruit quality teachers)
Affirmative Action started by JFK and brought into law by LBJ was intended for BLACKS ONLY because of historical injustices their ancestors lived with.
It is wrong for any other group to get Affirmative Action in the USA That Asians, Japanese, Korean and Chinese have to score higher than anyone else is just wrong and immoral, I guess the rational is because ON AVERAGE Asians have higher IQ's
If there were A TRUE MERITOCRACY there would still be individuals who excelled in spite of the group they are part of not doing so well, Since this is a running site and we know in the Steeple Kenyans dominate, but still you will always have the exceptions like Evan Jager who excel despite being part of a group that does not do well.
A straight/true meritocracy is the best way to go, but that will inevitably lead to some groups being over represented and others being underrepresented in different fields and it opens up the politically incorrect truth, people ARE NOT Carbon Copies they are unique with different skills and abilities, MOST Politicians believe in the famous saying Diversity is our greatest strength (Several Candidates said this at the Democratic Debates and NOT ONCE was it refuted) but that is not necessarily true, let me give you a running example, Lets say a college 4 x 400 relay has 4 runners all Black who run the 400 in 45, if 3 of the members are taken off the team to improve the teams diversity with a White, an Asian and a Eskimo, if those 3 all run 48 it will hurt the team, if all 3 run 43 it will help the team, it is a math NOT race problem that determines the fastest team.