No I don't imagine anything so nefarious with Jon. I don't doubt his intentions, his integrity, or his honesty. I'm sure with his training and racing, he practices the techniques and approach that he preaches, like he says, since 2001. I don't doubt his intentions or his training or his performance, but his science, math, and ability to coherently express his ideas to the public.He wants you, and everyone, to replace the mindset of "I, and everyone, can only improve with drugs" with "I can always improve by developing a more efficient and economical technique". The "drug only" mindset is a poisonous one, for athletes and fans alike. It's not the only way, and not always the most effective way.VO2max maxes quite quickly (I say ~1-2 years). LT threshold will also plateau, but less quickly (I say ~5 years). Thereafter, long term improvements can still come basically for the rest of your career, from "non-oxygen" sources. This is the point where oxygen vector drugs have much less effect, if any at all. Luckily these improvements come anyway, without changing training drastically, or being aware that the source of improvement is no longer connected to oxygen.If you waste a lot of energy with a bad technique, then improving technique, eliminating the waste, brings faster times at no extra energy cost.If you leverage the natural elasticity in tendons and muscles, loading energy with downward ground contact, rotating, and releasing the energy in a forward/upward direction, this is "free" passive energy.And finally, the body simply gets better at what you do a lot. Running involves millions and millions of synchronized nerve impulses to contract and extend as many muscle fibers. Inexperienced runners have a lot of destructive interference, while highly seasoned runners have gradually learned and fine tuned these to bring more harmony, and effortless speed. (This is the high school band versus symphony orchestra analogy -- no I don't think I got this from "malmo").Jon mentioned before, a kind of whipping motion with the foot. He no doubt has dozens of tricks and drills and training that he has developed with this approach in mind. Not to excessively promote Matt Fitzgerald, but just to give a similar example, with better explanations, Matt wrote a book "Brain Training", which details different "cross-training" techniques (proprioceptive cues) you can focus on, to improve and perfect your technique, to become faster without extra energy cost.