In these days, there is a very interesting debates in Kenya about this argument. Particularly, there is a free and open forum dedicated to promoting discussions on important topics in sport. health and recreation. It is made up of members from a variety of fields, including sports, media, medicine, academia, health and recreation.
The name of the forum is SPORTS PLUS AGENDA (SPA).
SPA doesn't support or promote any individual agenda, but has the aim to create a grassroots sports mentorship and skill development program.
All people writing in this Forum are against doping, well aware the continuous cases of doping are a big problem for the clean athletes. There are members with scientific knowledge, and members totally ignorant about training, physiology and medicine, who ask WHY many athletes look at doping, and at legal supplements, which are considered the first step for building a mentality that is at the base of the belief in doping.
I started to coach Kenyan athletes in Italy from 1990. I went Kenya for the first time as IAAF lecturer in 1998. I can assure that, till 2012, never I heard some athlete asking for legal supplements or doping, and myself had athletes WR holders and the level of my activity was at the top, so my athletes never had suspicions about other athletes.
Everything started to change in 2012. I can blame some European manager and some Western coach (not only European) for introducing the idea of LEGAL SUPPLEMENTS in Kenya, not for introducing doping. The change of mentality was clearly managed by local doctors and chemists, who started to offer illegal substances asking the same percentage (15%) of the managers for every prize athletes could win.
In this process, the most part of athletes falling into the net were of low/medium level, normally looking at domestic competition only, because in Kenya there was a big increase of the number of road races with good money. Some of them, after winning local races without any manager, found a small contract with European or American managements, and started to run abroad in competitions of second level (mainly in South America and Asia), without any antidoping control. For that reason, there was a period of about 5 years (from 2012 till 2017) where many winners of good prizes around the World were doped, but they were caught only when the small road races too started to have the antidoping.
I think that the effects of doping on the performances is clearly overevaluated. This evaluation is the first stimulus for starting to dope when athletes (who were able to achieve good results clean) become old, or are coming from some injury, thinking possible to build again using doping the same general strength they had when young or before the injury.
The attempt to cut the time for rebuilding her aerobic level in short time was, for example, the reason of the doping of Rita Jeptoo, after a car accident that didn't allow the athlete to train for 3 months. People don't think these athletes were clean when still young or when were able to achieve their best results, because the normal belief is that a doped athlete 30 years old, who ran his best when was 23, started to dope when 18. This is absolutely not true, but I can0't blame who thinks in this way, without personal experience of the Kenyan athletics world.