I don't think speed is your problem. I could run 15:33 for 5k and 32:20 for 10k and 66 was my best 400. I never ran as fast as you for the 800 but that's probably because I think I only ran maybe three of them in my life and I can't really give you a 2 mile time from that stage of my life.
The thing is, if you're lacking speed you need to compensate by being able to run at closer to your top speed. Getting to say, 59.9 for the 400 would be a massive improvement for you right now and should make your 800 much better, your mile better but less dramatically. I don't think it will make a very noticeable difference in your 5km time.
As to the "okayness" of your times, my sons' high school was undefeated for years and twice second in their division in the state and 17:02 would always have put you in their top five. And you're sophomore, right? You're going to get faster in the next years no matter what you do unless you cut your leg off or something. Physically maturing will make a huge difference.
Getting toasted in repeats does not matter for crap. Don't worry about it. You're the #1 varsity runner. If I had to guess, well, I don't have to guess but it looks like I'm going to anyway, I'd say that the guys toasting you are running too hard and leaving a lot of their races in those sessions. I don't know anything about your coach but you absolutely should not be "giving it your all" in repeat sessions. I don't really know how you should respond to that. comment of his though Maybe you could fake some dry heaves or just tell him that you really are giving it your all.
I will say that for a lot of sophomores 60-65 mpw might be one the heavy side if you're doing that much in season. I assume that if you are running that much you're doing some of it on your own. If so, you might want to drop to around 50, I found that was kind of an in season sweet spot for both of my sons when they were in high school. Both did more between seasons. And I like the suggestion of hills but I wouldn't do them in addition to the rep sessions your coach has you doing.