As a former board member/director for Run Nova Scotia from the early 80's I will tell you the process we used. The CTFA brought us a Jones counter device complete with instructions on how road running courses were to be measured. If you run, you will know that certified courses for 10K's, as an example, must be accurate within 6 feet, or something very miniscule like that. a course is measured twice by a different person on the same bike, tires inflated to thus and so, keep within 3 feet of curb and so on. We took it very seriously. If you had a course that was accurate it pretty much seemed that the best runners would be able to tell you if it was so. If it wasn't there was immediate doubt cast one way or the other. 5K's as I remember were a dash...running 16:00 meant you had a bad day and you were likely 20th or worse.
The second part of this is that those times were that fast. I would guess there will not be another time soon where so many runners in NS will be that fast for a few reasons.
1. People will spend more time on the internet than training. we had very few distractions like cell phones, pagers, interenet etc. we are technically hooked to a serious fualt. I know runners who carry cell phones when they run. Hideous...unthinkable. no discipline. They cannot tell you anything about gut suffering in racing coz never get there in training
2. Boston's qualifying times were 20 minutes faster for most age groups than now. That meant 70-80 mile weeks for a good portion of the year. Ie, in 1980, I ran 2:48.49 in Ottawa to qualify for Boston ... the cut-off was 2:50. I ran 2:34;43 in 1981, placed 481st/10,000. In the last 5 years if you ran thatyou'd have been anywhwere from 50th to top 100. I was a good runner, but certainly not a great NS runner. I ran 32 minutes for 10K's from 1980 through 1994...and many faster in the meantime. But there were years I ran 32 and placed in the top 10, just barely.
Yes people now are very much slower. Look also at the numbers of young kids with type 2 diabetes and who will have arthritis at very early adult years...staggering... that is the telling tale of a society that will not leave its comforts to train.