Huh? The paper you linked to is about males in various cutures historically and in the modern medical era who were castrated through complete removal of both testicles (which in most cases was done after puberty of adolescence).
The paper you cited says that adult human males who've had both their testicles removed develop specific telltale bodily characteristics that make them a bit different to - and physically less powerful, strong, healthy and fit than - other men who still have their testicles.
(This is true whether these males were made into enuchs after puberty of adolescence, as historically was the case in almost except for the Italian castrati - or before in the case of all the Italian castrati and in extremely rare instances every once in a while in other cultures like the example given of a highly unsual Chinese imperial eunch who appears to have been castrated at an abnormally young age.)
Specifically, compared to other men who still have their balls, castrated men will have more body fat, a different distribution of body fat, a greater propensity for diabetes, "metabolic syndrome," cardiovascular diseases and bone density issues that can eventually result in osteoporosis.
Moreover, due to "changes in the lungs and cardiovascular systems from [the] hormonal changes" that males go through after they are totally deprived of gonadal testosterone due to orchiectomy, surgically castrated males also develop "decreased...ability for efficient oxygen uptake and blood flow throughout the body" compared to other males who still have their balls.
But so what? None of this means that castrated male humans have the same physical features and capacities as female humans.
No one disputes that males who are castrated physically through removal of the testicles - or castrated chemically through use of drugs that prevent the testes from producing testosterone and sperm - end up developing some physical characteristics that make them a bit different to "normal" members of their sex and which will cause them to have somewhat diminished physical capacities in certain respects compared to other blokes who still have their balls.
As a result, castrated males might not perform at the same levels as other blokes in sports, or at the same levels they themselves performed at prior to castration.
But that's very different to the position taken by HobbyJogger and other men on this thread - and by WA at the present time - which is the postion I was challenging.
The stance of Hobby Jogger, and other blokes who share it, is that teenage and adult males who identify as trans and were chemically castrated through use of GnRHa drugs like Lupron before age 12 or Tanner Stage 2 of puberty of adolescence are so physically similar to female human beings that they should compete in girls' and women's sports.
Hobby Jogger and others on this thread contend, and keep insisting, that males who did not go through the testosterone-driven aspects of male development during puberty of adolescence don't have a single physical feature that would give them an unfair advantage over females in sports.
But as much as they keep insisting this is the case, none of them ever provide an iota of evidence for the extraordinary claim they are making.
The paper you linked to and quote from doesn't provide any evidence for that extradordinary claim either. It says that castrated males are a bit different to other males in ways that would put them at a disadvantage in sports competition against other blokes. It doesn't show that castrated males aka eunuchs are the same as females, or so similar to females in all sports-relevant respects, that they have no unfair advantage over females and therefore should be competing in girls' and women's sports.