Paul Osborn wrote:
2. Colonization of other solar systems, if not galaxies (the latter likely would require some form of worm-hole technology).
What I envision is that by the time we're forced to colonize other planets, we'll know a lot more about the universe, and we'll know exactly which planets/moons to go for. Our life spans will probably have increased to over 200 years, as we are able to grow replacement organs, push back aging, etc. Our rockets will utilize nuclear energy and will probably travel much faster than we could think possible today.
Even if it takes 1,000 years to reach the next habitable planet, it would be less than 10 generations. It sure would suck to live your whole life on a ship, but that's what you do for the survival of the species.
Plus, we could have different groups heading toward different planets/moons.
One cool thing to envision is that 1,000 years from now, as someone else mentioned, we'll all be the same race. Then as we colonize several different solar systems, it will take thousands of years to fill those planets, during which time the different groups will probably diverge from each other. It's like brand new races will be formed all over again. Then, as we develop the technology to travel from colony to colony, the races will intermix again. The cycle of differentiating and coming back together could continue throughout the rest of time as mankind expands its reach throughout the universe.