I should add a few things. First, angioplasty following or during an angiogram--and this is what AS had--is vastly preferable to bypass. Not only is there the potential for memory loss, a consequence of being put on a heart-lung bypass machine--but also the potential for blood clots. I suffered one below the left knee (because the surgeon takes a vein from the left leg), which is relatively unproblematic, and one in my right lung, which, alas, is not, and these have led me to be on coumadin for some fourteen years. At the time of my bypass, my first child was only three months old, so apart from being hard on me, my poor wife had to suffer greatly. Second, again as a warming to everyone--angina, which signals some cardiac problem, sometimes involves chest pain, but very often does not. In my case, my angina had two elements: pain in my forearms, especially at the onset of exercise; and a burning sensation in my throat, again especially at the onset of exercise--that is, angina very often involves referred pain. Because the arteries expand as exercise progresses, one can experience angina, begin to feel much better during a run, and be seduced into thinking one must be fine, because it seems so intuitive that the longer one exercises, if one has heart problems, the worse one will feel--but this is not true. Third, do not be embarrassed about seeing a doctor or going to an emergency room if you sense something is wrong. And if it's clear that something is really wrong, for example, tightness in the chest, as if someone were squeezing a wet towel dry. or tingling in the left arm that just won't go away, do not hesitate to call an ambulance. Amazingly, so many people think they'll just have someone drive them to the hospital. The first few minutes can literally be the difference between life and death. When I went to the hospital, knowing I was having a heart attack--which turned out to be very minor--as I was lying on a hospital gurney and I said to the ER nurses and doctors that I was having a heart attack, they thought I was crazy. They looked down at this guy who has a typical long distance runner's build, clearly very fit, and they thought it was impossible. But trust me, it wasn't!!