Here's something to think about that I was reading after Pappy's link to muscle fiber types last week. My simple understanding is the following...
Starting real simple: there are 3 muscle fiber types : Type 1, Type 2a, Type 2b.
Type 1 is all aerobic aka slowtwitch
Type 2b is all anaerobic aka fasttwitch
Type 2a is something in between. Has some properties of Type 2b but also has aerobic capabilities. Mitochondria development and whatnot.
It is currently believed that Type 2a can be converted to Type 2b and vice versa through training, but Type 1 and Type 2 cannot be changed between the two (or at least the concept is controversial).
Lactate is produced by an anaerobic energy pathway in Type 2 muscle fibers. Lactate is removed from the muscles either through the blood stream (a process that takes on the order of minutes) or by conversion in the aerobic muscle fibers for energy (a process that takes on the order of seconds). So, anything that improves aerobic function improves mitochondria development and improves ability to consume lactate as fuel, which will keep the concentration lower. This includes easy runs. I think running at threshold pace is the sort of pace where Type 2a muscle fiber development can be encouraged. Activating the need to use the fast twitch fibers instead of just slowtwitch like an easy run, but still mostly aerobic running. This would also support the concept that running a threshold run too fast is detrimental for endurance, because then you're encouraging Type2b development instead of Type2a development and that results in less lactate consumption and possibly more lactate generation.
Obviously it's more complicated, but I think this is part of it?The Hansons book specifically talks about encouraging type 2a muscle fiber through their plan because if you get so fatigued it type1 and type2a that you're relying on type 2b your marathon is going to be over real quick.
I still haven't read enough to fully flesh this out so I could be totally misunderstanding what I read and way wrong, and I can't find the link I was reading last week right so who knows if I'm talking nonsense.