I think there are a few top line points that we can learn from not only BTC, but also what other top level groups/athletes are doing that might help us average to good competitive runners get a bit faster-
1) Accumulate a High Volume of "Threshold" Running on a Regular Basis- This is relative of course, but it seems like 30-60min @ 85-90% of vVO2 Max every 7-14 days is an effective prescription (yes, that's around HM Pace for many)
2) Incorporate a Faster Long Run into Your Training- Deriving this more from Canova, Kipchoge, and other top marathon programs, 90-135min @ 65-80% of vVO2 seems like a universal golden ticket to positive adaptations once you are already accustomed to easier runs of this duration
3) Stop Insisting on Ridiculous Levels of Volume, Stop Jogging 120mpw When You Can't Break 16:00 for a 5K, Stop Adding Unnecessary Stress to the Body's Structures and Various Systems, Forget the Seven Day Training Cycle, Listen to Your Body More than Your Kudos on Stravagram... End rant.
4) Incorporate Plenty of Fast Neuromuscular Training in the Form of Hills, Short Reps, Fartleks, Plyos, Etc Without Producing Much Residual Lactate/Fatigue
5) Save Intensive Specifity and Race Pace Economization to the Last 4-10 Weeks Before A Goal Race
6) Take a Break From Training At Least Once Per Year, For At Least 1-2 Weeks Each Time
I think that sums up where we are in 2022 with how to approach competitive run training.