I read Tyler Hamilton’s & David Millar’s books on cycling; both were busted.
Both thought the sport can only be made clean with total commitment (which isn’t there yet) at all levels.
Both thought great performances were possible without drugs, but only with more effort than it would take with drugs.
My own take is that drugs usually work, but only for a little while. The rest of your life, they’re a big negative.
No quick solution seems likely. Meanwhile non-athletes use far more of these drugs than are used in sport. We worship success, but not good health. We praise achievement as an end in itself, but I see many great stories throughout the pack in every race. Build from the bottom.