I'm a little bit bored and annoyed about the repetition of something that is very clear.
Many researchers (not all) have the final conclusion that runners taking EPO can have final improvements because EPO allows them to train more and to recover better. So, at the end of the day, they say that these athletes improve BECAUSE OF TRAINING.
I can't accept the idea the fact that EPO, increasing the recovery (I agree), can allow athletes to train more. The real fact is that these athletes NEVER tried to increase their training when clean, BECAUSE OF THE FEAR THAT WAS NOT POSSIBLE TO RECOVER.
To bring athletes to a level of training that THEY DON'T THINK POSSIBLE TO REACH is one of the qualities of all the top coaches in the world, and is more connected with the personal psychological ability : it's something needing more long time, carisma from the coach, ability to explain the reasons, ability to teach patience, continuity, discipline and graduality.
All the athletes you put like example (Lombard, Hesch and Helleybuck) didn't have a coach able to explain this WAY OF TRAINING, but were "free dogs", exactly like the 95% of Kenyan doped athletes. Also Asbel Kiprop was a "free dog", because always was the one deciding about his training. His ONLY real coach (not only by name) was Jimmy Beauttah, during the period he was in the IOC training camp in Eldoret, when junior (and this was the reason because he won World Cross Country Championships when junior in 2007, showing big attitude in the aerobic events, attitude that lost step by step because, after leaving Jimmy, became lazy in aerobic direction).
So, if EPO works for improving training, EVERY FACTOR THAT CAN IMPROVE TRAINING CAN HAVE THE SAME EFFECT, INCLUDING THE ROLE OF THE COACH (when there is...).
But I want to go ahead. The fact that an athlete can improve his recovery in training, while has a very important role in the case of cyclism when we look at the big competitions with a lot of stages (Tour de France, Giro d'Italia, Vuelta de Espana), doesn't give any significative advantage in case of athletes having competition in one day only (including the cycling itself when we speak about the great "CLASSIC'" like Paris-Roubaix of Giro di Lombardia or Milano-Sanremo or World Championships.
We can modulate intensity and recovery, in order to have a NATURAL recovery, which is different from one athlete and another.
In the real training, for example, we have SPECIFIC WORKOUTS of the same level carried out by different athletes, because this is the EXTERNAL LOAD, and if we want to train for one determined speed, we need to use that speed and the correct volume.
For example, I have athletes of 58'42", 59'06", 59'19" for HM in my group. I decide to have a training on track, with total volume of 20 km, with 2 x 3000m in 8'37" + 3 x 2000m in 5'38" (all with 3' recovery standing) + 5 x 1000m in 2'46" (with 2' recovery) + 6 x 500m in 1'20" (with 1'30" recovery), with the athletes free to run the last test at their max speed, and from that test we can see the difference not of attitude (they have almost the same PB), but of fatigue : one runs in 1'08", another in 1'12", another in 1'16".
But one of them (the athlete of 59'19") is already able to have a training of high quality after 3 days, while the other two need one day of easy training more, in order to use the OVERCOMPENSATION, that is something working on individual basis.
So, if I want to have the training together, I have only two options : or I follow the trend of the athlete who has more ability in recovery (and in this case the other need to have only a part of his training, because are not yet ready), or I give one more day of recovery to the first, increasing in this case the volume of his session, at the same speed of the others. In other words, I consider the first like a POTENTIAL marathon runner (and I coach already him in that direction), the other two like REAL HALF MARATHON RUNNERS, who can move to marathon one or two years later.
So, the optimization of training is not connected with the ability to increase the recovery, BUT TO USE THE RIGHT INDIVIDUAL MODULATION in order to exalt the specific attitude.