Mr. Weldon Johnson was a customer of Dr. Tony "Miracle Man" Galea, who was famous for doing PRP injections on athletes.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) is a peptide.
PRP injections contain IGF-1 and other peptides:
The efficacy of certain growth factors in healing various injuries and the concentrations of these growth factors found within PRP are the theoretical basis for the use of PRP in tissue repair.[26] The platelets collected in PRP are activated by the addition of thrombin and calcium chloride, which induces the release of the mentioned factors from alpha granules. The growth factors and other cytokines present in PRP include:[26][16]
platelet-derived growth factor
transforming growth factor beta
fibroblast growth factor
insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)
insulin-like growth factor-2
vascular endothelial growth factor
epidermal growth factor
Interleukin 8
keratinocyte growth factor
connective tissue growth factor
Some concern exists as to whether PRP treatments violate anti-doping rules.[26] As of 2010 it was not clear if local injections of PRP could have a systemic impact on circulating cytokine levels, affecting doping tests and whether PRP treatments have systemic anabolic effects or affect performance.[26]
In January 2011, the World Anti-Doping Agency removed intramuscular injections of PRP from its prohibitions after determining that there is a "lack of any current evidence concerning the use of these methods for purposes of performance enhancement".[36]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet-rich_plasmaGalea was one of the first sports medicine physicians to use Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy as a way to treat his patients' injuries. PRP therapy is the process of treating an injury with a concentration of the patient's own blood. Initially, the treatment was used for rehabilitation purposes by spinal surgeons and surgeons performing plastic surgery.[3] PRP may be valuable in enhancing soft-tissue repair and in wound healing.[4] Galea's arrest in 2009 for smuggling human growth hormone (HGH) into the United States raised suspicion that he might have combined HGH with his PRP therapy.[3]
Treatment of high-profile professional athletes[edit]
Galea's confirmed clients include golfer Tiger Woods, Olympic medalists Dara Torres, Mark McCoy and Donovan Bailey,[5] NFL players Jamal Lewis,[6] Javon Walker, Santana Moss and Chris Simms,[5] and figure skater Patrick Chan.[7] Major League Baseball players Alex Rodriguez, Huston Street and John Patterson have also received treatment from Galea.[8]
According to The New York Times, Galea visited Tiger Woods at the latter's Orlando, Florida home at least four times in February and March 2009 to administer PRP— designed to speed recovery from injuries,[9] and that Woods reportedly responded well to the treatment.[5]
On February 28, 2010, The New York Times reported that Galea treated New York Yankees third baseman Alex Rodriguez in March 2009 and that Rodriguez's rehabilitation from hip surgery was overseen by Dr. Mark Lindsay, an associate of Galea.[10]
Legal issues[edit]
Galea was found carrying a stimulant that is banned by the Olympics when he arrived in Sydney during the 2000 Summer Olympics. He was never charged and was allowed to enter the country, but Australian customs seized his medical bag.[11]
On December 15, 2009, The New York Times and the Associated Press reported that Galea was the subject of a joint investigation by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Buffalo Field Office for allegedly providing elite athletes with performance-enhancing drugs,[5] as well as criminal conspiracy.[12] The drugs were Actovegin (legal in Canada, but not the US) and human growth hormone.[5] Galea was arrested in Toronto on October 15, 2009 but never faced charges.[12]
In the United States, Galea was charged with drug smuggling, conspiring to lie to federal agents, unlawful possession with intent to distribute and practising medicine without a licence. On July 6, 2011, Galea pleaded guilty to a lesser charge of bringing mislabelled drugs into the United States for the purpose of treating professional athletes.[13] According to the New York Times and CNN, Galea was convicted of a felony. As part of the plea agreement, he is required to cooperate with investigators and disclose the identities of his clients and their treatments.[13]
On December 16, 2011 Galea was sentenced to one year unsupervised release, and no accompanying jail time (above time already served, one day).
He is not allowed to enter the United States without authorization from the United States Department of Homeland Security.[14]
https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/15/sports/15doctor.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_GaleaDr. "Tony" Galea was the "SPEED PEPTIDE" DOPING doctor for Mr. Weldon Johnson... in Canada.
ha ha ha