I cannot say. But, in my experience you can question an endurance
athletes appearance by their lack of natural vascularization.
Prominent veins in the hands, arms and legs from true training.
What is important is the illusion Armstrongs' plight cast over
endurance stage bicycle racing.
That is, the mechanics of the bikes have changes, and no one noticed!
Most are carbon fiber, some can be mechanized especially with the new
cranks. It's pretty crazy. Most watchers will notice that some cyclists
are using what look like mountain/hybrid bikes. Which should be illegal.
There are some physically gifted riders (Froome, Quintana), they know
they're under the radar. But all in all I think the TDF is fairly clean.
On a similar note did anybody notice what they did in the 2017 Women's Giro D'Italia, in the time trial, they didn't mention on the terrain maps, two pretty steep climbs. I think they should start doing this in the TDF, and call them "pop" time trails.