Orthotics are not a cure all for any problem. They can greatly enhance the treatment of a problem such as plantar fasciitis, which often times has a biomechanical basis.
Jeri gave great post on this thread. I agree with many of the excellent things that Jeri and the others have posted.
My thoughts on orthotic devices as a user for 20 years and a Sports Podiatrist for 12 years are that you should view it more as an art form and less as a science. The same device does not work for every runner. So to say that "make sure you get soft devices" or "make sure you get ones made out of graphite" is wrong. I have made 3 different pairs for some runners until the correct material is found. Luckily this does not happen often, but sometimes you look at the foot, watch the person walk or run, look at the foot wear pattern and decide to fabricate a rigid, polyethylene device and that person just does not tolerate the material.
Orthotic devices should accomplish one thing: to help make your pain go away. You should always have a diagnosis and reason for fabricating the devices. Sometimes taping the foot before can be an indicator if the orthoses will work.
The devices should be comfortable, you should hardly notice them in your shoes. If this is not the case then they need to be adjusted or a different pair needs to be fabricated.
As far as shoes go, I think that if you are prescribing the devices for an overpronator then that person needs to be in a stability shoe or a motion control shoe. Putting an orthotic device inside the shoe and then wearing a cushion shoe(in most cases) will still allow too much pronatory motion of the foot. Asics tends to be the exception to some degree as their cushion shoes do have more stability than most. I run in the 2000 series and find the 2070's are excellent( I rip the boards out of the them as this aggravates the outside of my foot). Very few running shoes are truly straight lasted these days. Most are semi curved with the exception of the severe motion control shoes such as the Brooks Beast or the NB 587.
I have on occasion advised my patients to stop wearing their devices. I don't believe that everyone needs them and I think it is worth trying an over the counter device or change shoes before going to the custom ones.
The advice to see a SPORTS person is also great advice. One word of caution, every Podiatrist, Orthopedist and Chiropractor under the sun will say they treat athletes. For Podiatrists one screen is to go to
www.aapsm.org
and see who is a member. It is not fool proof, but it does show Podiatrist's that care enough about treating athletes that they took an examination and extra time to become certified in Podiatric Sports Medicine.
Asicsman, a good Physical therapist is the best place to be to strengthen the pelvic muscles.
Brian Fullem