I'm a a survivor of 10+ winters in Russia, and I think winter running in Minnesota should feel largely the same possibly with better snow plowing. There are 3 consideratons: dark, cold, ice/snow on roads.
Dark is hardly an issue. If you come from down south when the nights are long year round and run at 5am, you're probably ready with reflective patches, headlamp, stuff like that.
Cold is manageable. Extreme temperatures don't last for months and when they do you just reschedule your long runs (limit exposure to cold) and intense sessions (inhaling frost sucks). You can get lined tights and fleece shorts for maybe like 10-15 bucks, and you might already have buffs and a windbreaker jacket, if not, inexpensive options also work great here. Layer thick joggers on top of tights when going for an easy run on an especially cold day.
Finding decent surfaces to run on might get a real problem. No matter how good the plowing is, you will be missing on early am runs after an overnight snowfall. Ice is even worse, you just can't do a good tempo when you're afraid you can slip and fall and break your legs. Studded shoes are not 100% effective and often feel like running in boots. oh and if you hit a patch of pavamenet, they just hurt.
Treadmill is usually an option for easy runs. Unless it's a super high quality very expensive one, it will start struggling at maybe around marathon pace, at best threshold. There are some commercial models that can support 5K pace - and I'm talking normal person 5K pace of 15-17 minutes, not world class, - but not every gym would have one of those. 20 kmph (15 min 5K) is often the top limit and the actual speed at max setting would fluctuate a lot. You would also need to cool yourself with large fans.
TL; DR: If you want to be able to reliably follow some training plan that is not limited to LSD, you absolutely need indoor track.