Yesterday, I was reading this paper:
https://www.rf.se/globalassets/riksidrottsforbundet-rf-antidoping/dokument/forskning-och-statistik/the-anti-doping-library-anti-doping-history.pdf
SOME SPECIFIED DATES IN DOPING AND ANTI-DOPING HISTORY
Individual cases of certain importance for the history and future
Knud Jensen, 1960
Tom Simpson 1967
Ben Johnson 1988
Katrin Krabbe et al
Lance Armstrong
Maria Sharapova
German Democratic Republic
Anti‐doping work was complicated in the 1970s and 1980s by suspicions of state‐sponsored
doping practised in some countries. It has later been extremely well documented the the
German Democratic Republic (GDR) government administered doping program of its
athletes, particularly its female athletes, contributed to their domination of track & field and
swimming events for the two decades spanning the 1970s and 1980s.
From 1966 until the collapse of the German Democratic Republic in 1990, hundreds of East
German physicians and scientists performed doping research and administered prescription
drugs as well as unapproved experimental drug preparations to adult and adolescent
athletes of both sexes. From the 1960s through the 1980s, the German Democratic Republic
established a systematic doping program for thousands of their athletes that included the use
of parenteral preparations of epitestosteronepropionate to avoide detection of illicit AASs.
Side effects
Athletes from former East Germany who were given performance enhancing drugs for many
years and who consequently experienced longstanding health problems will receive
payments of several thousand euros, the German federal parliament decided on 13 June
2002. A special law has been passed which sets up a compensation fund of about EUR 2m
(GBP 1.3m; USD 1.9m). The fund is meant to be supplemented by the sports industry and by
national sports associations, but neither of these groups has been keen to join the initiative. It
is estimated that between 500 and 1000 men and women will apply for compensation by the
end of the year and will receive about EUR 3000 each. Currently, the association
representing athletes who have had health problems as a result of doping has about 150
members. Soon after the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989, it became apparent that many East
German athletes had had to pay a high price for the overwhelming success of the nation in
many disciplines. Continuous doping from a young age and for a very long time, mainly with
anabolic drugs, ruined their health. Doping was often done without the athlete's consent or
knowledge. East German trainers and doctors merely followed the socialist party's
instructions. The list of health problems is long: acne, hirsutism, deep voice, muscle tension,
gynaecomasty, breast cancer, bone deformation, vascular disease, and teratogenic
malformations. In some cases female athletes changed their sex as a result of the
continuous intake of male hormones. The association representing such athletes, a