Armstronglivs wrote:
Over 30% of athletes participating in 2011 World Championships in Athletics admitted having used banned substances during their careers. According to a study commissioned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), actually 44% of them had used them. Nevertheless, only 0.5% of those tested were caught.
These general statistics are also misleading.
The main issue with the survey method is that there is no way to measure of the responses were honest. This was a primary concern of the paper, modelling all the ways the responses could be dishonest, dependent on an unknown variable they did not or could not measure. One of the authors has published another study suggesting 30% is still too high because there are still rule compliance uncertainties with the survey method used.
There are psychological reasons why athletes, even clean ones, would not comply with the clear survey instructions, even when anonymity is guaranteed, following a pattern like:
Yes, doping again? OK, whatever, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, ... Can I go now? I have a World Championship event I need to get ready for.
The 0.5% catch rate is also misleading:
- that is an annual catch rate; if you think of an athlete over the length of a career, an athlete will more likely than 0.5% be caught; prevalence estimates over a population will not change with each year, but catch rates are (approximately) additive each year, with 10 years catching ~5%.
- not all athletes are tested; only the winners and some randomly selected athletes are tested; many dopers will never be tested because they are not performing or not randomly selected, and not in OOC test pools.