More examples.
" Hedging: 3 Ways You Can Reduce Your Investment Risk"
3. Investing in a competitor
Sometimes, you don't need to make an investment that will necessarily move in the opposite direction from the risk you want to hedge. You can get some hedging benefits from making investments in multiple players in a given industry. Doing so won't eliminate the risk that the entire industry has in common, but it will address the risk that the company whose stock you currently own turns out not to be the winner in that industry.
As an example, say that you hold shares in a major U.S. airline. You think that it's likely to thrive both because the industry as a whole is healthy and because that particular airline has competitive advantages over its peers. However, you acknowledge that your stock also has unique risks that some of its competitors don't have.
If you want to hedge your airline position, you could buy shares of the most attractive competing airline. Several outcomes could result:
If the entire industry does well, then both stocks could go up.
If it turns out that your fear about the first airline were warranted, a rise in the second airline's stock could offset losses for the first one.
If something happens to hurt the entire industry, both stocks could fall.
Finally, if you're wrong about the hedge, then the second airline you picked could underperform the one you already owned.
As you can see, this isn't a perfect process. But it has the advantage of diversifying your portfolio at the same time that it protects against a company-specific risk, and that appeals to many stock investors. "
>SO THERE ARE MULTIPLE FORMS OF HEDGING<