My personal investments wrote:
My advice is to always have an emergency fund of 6 months of your expenses in your savings. Another fund I have is a vacation savings account. I throw a couple hundred in every month for a yearly vacation. That's all you need in a bank savings account. Invest everything else after paying your bills.
Here are my levels:
1) $500 in checking account. When money comes it gets higher, but I pay bills immediately and try to keep this balance low to "trick" myself into thinking money is low. I also want to keep this low in case my debit card is lost/stolen and someone goes on a spending spree.
2) Around $3,000 in a "deep savings" operating fund. This is to supplement the $500 if we spend too much or something unexpected comes up.
3) Vacation fund. We aim for $3,000 per year. Money comes in via direct deposit. We save it up, then go spend it.
4) $20,000 emergency fund in CDs. I'm planning to build this up to $30,000, but I won't put that extra $10k in CDs, I'll open a Roth IRA. Since contributions are post-tax, you can take out those contributions penalty-free, just can't touch the interest.
5) Beyond that it's 401k at work. We're pretty aggressive with it, it's at 19% of gross income at the moment. Trying to get to the legal max of $35k (two incomes) but not there yet (that would be closer to 29% savings).
To be honest I should focus on the Roth IRA before increasing the 401k any more. Emergency fund isn't quite big enough plus I need to diversify my tax risk a little.
6) Down the road, if I can manage to max out the 401k's at $35k and Roth IRA's at $11k, the next step would be investing in a taxable account. Not sure what I'll do there (probably index funds), but I do know that when there are losses in taxable investments you can write them off or do some sort of tax trickery. Google tax-loss harvesting for more information. I've read that you may want your riskiest investments in this fund for the tax write-off purposes.
I think in general you want to maximize your tax advantages before touching the taxable accounts.