For the experience I had with Chinese athletes, regarding their motivation and the expectations of their Provinces, I can say that the doped athletes (normally before running their National Games) didn't use EPO, or not EPO only, but something else which I don't know, able to improve their performances in high percentage, but also to burn their engine in very short time.
I already spoke about Zhang Yingying, who was with me in training in very serious way : nothing to say about this point. But with her training, also after 3 years without training and one year for rebuilding a good shape, it was not possible she was not able to run again under 2:30, if her physiology was still the same.
Different thing for Wang Jiali : when she finished her ban and went back to athletics, she did this without any motivation, but only because, in the Chinese system, the athletes are "workers" for their Province, and have to compete also if not prepared in order to produce points for the National Games.
However, to look at the results of Marathon only is a big mistake. To look at an improvement of 13 minutes in one year as proof of doping is totally wrong, especially when we speak about a very young athlete, who ran the first marathon without any preparation. In the Chinese system, ALL the specialist of short distance go to run a Marathon, also when not prepared, because there's a classification for Provinces based on points as Team in the National Championships, and there are several marathons with some money. Today you don't find any Chinese running the local marathon, because the races are open to African runners of second and third level, in any case stronger than Chinese athletes, who go to win all the prizes. Burt few years ago, Chinese athletes could win good money in the domestic marathon, and in their system the athletes have to give 50% of the prize they win to the Provincial coach, who pushes them to compete frequently for earning money.
One of the best athletes, still young, I had in the National Team, was Wang Xueqin, who run in short time the following Marathons :
17.03.2012 : 2:25:53 (3) Chongqing
05.08.2012 : 2:28:21 (21) London (Olympics)
18.11.2012 : 2:30:36 (4) Guangzhou
25.11.2012 : 2:29:01 (6) Beijing
05.01.2013 : 2:34:56 (4) Xiamen
She was a good talent, but when I arrived in China was not able to run fast, always with symptoms of fatigue, also with workouts not very heavy. I asked for some control (never she had in her Province), and the doctors discovered she had a limited use of her potentiality, due to a total block of the hormonal activity.
These situation have nothing to do with the career of Rita Jeptoo.
I well know her potentiality, because I was her coach from 1998 (when she was 17 only) and I was the one bringing her to the marathon. She lived for half year in Italy (Domodossola), since at that time her boyfriend was Jonah Koech, an athlete able to run 13'10" in 5000m in 1992, and 2:10:39 in marathon in 1999.
Rita had an unbelievable ability to work : I never met, in my life, some athlete able to train harder than her (including World Champions like Florence Kiplagat, or World Record Holder like Mary Keitany).
Before speaking lookin at her times only, you need to know some particular, for example what happened in 2006.
At that time, she trained with me, always in Iten, from November 2005, for preparing Boston, where she was accepted after her 2:24:32 in WCh the previous year. She was always very serious, and able to grow every day.
I remember a Special Block, that still is the hardest one my athlete ever did :
Morning : 3 km easy warm-up + 10 km in 35'12" + a full HM on rough road in Moiben, in 1:12:06 (3 + 10 + 21 km)
Afternoon : 3 km easy warm-up + 10 km in 34'48" + (on track in Chepkoilel) 6 x 2000m between 6'18" and 6'12", with recovery 1'50" - 2' (3 + 10 + 12 km).
This means 59 km in the same day, with 20 at 93% of Marathon Pace + 33 at Marathon Pace or faster than MP.
Before Boston, she had problem with her VISA in the US Embassy in Milan, because was not Italian, also if Italian resident, and till two days before living she was not sure to go, so the manager (Gianni Demadonna) decided to cancel the race, looking for Prague. I was, in that week-end, in Antalya (Turkey) as lecturer in a Clinic organized by the European Federation for the European Coaches, regarding the preparation for 10000m, the day before the European Challenge of 10000m. My plan was to stay in Turkey for looking the race, the day after the clinic, but I received a call from the management that there was a miracle : the passport of Rita, with the Visa, could be ready for the next day, but Rita was in the South of Italy for another road race, after cancelling Boston.
So, the management asked me to anticipate my come back of one day, to stay in the Malpensa Airport for collecting her passport that some had to bring from the Embassy, and to wait Rita, who had to arrive last minute from Rome, after cancelling the race near Napoli that had to replace Boston itself.
Rita arrived when already all the travellers where aboard. I already explained our situation at my check-in, and obtained the possibility to wait till last minute, with a car bringing us directly to the flight.
Rita arrived Boston 5 HOURS BEFORE THE START : didn't go to sleep, had a little breakfast, and was ready for starting.
She attacked after 30 km, and ran THE FASTEST TIME OF ALL THE RUNNERS, MEN INCLUDED, IN THE 12.195 meters REMAINING (at a pace of 31'37" for 10000m), winning in 2:23:36.
That Rita, already was able to run 2:20 with a normal approach to the race, and a pace like the one Shalane Flanagan did in the Boston 2014, when Rita won in 2:18:57.
So, for me is not a surprise that Rita could run so fast, and of sure didn't need any doping for doing it.
About the fact she was DQ from Boston too, I explain again that this was the only way the organizers of the Major Marathon could find, for not giving the jackpot of 500,000 USD (she was the winner) to a doped athlete : THEY NEEDED TO DQ RITA FROM BOSTON 2014 TOO, since she already had won both Boston and Chicago the previous year.
Looking at the data they had in their hands, there were no evidences of any illegal assumption BEFORE Boston :
a) No EPO found in any other test (the test of 25 September was the first positive of her life : if there was a positive test BEFORE that one, the IAAF had to communicate to the organizer of Chicago, Carey Pinkowski, the situation, in order not to allow Rita to compete (the official communication of the positivity arrived about one month after the test, before going NY for receiving the award as best athletes of the year for AIMS, and the jackpot from the organizers of the Major Marathon : since Boston was in April, if there was a positive test BEFORE Boston the communication had to arrive BEFORE running Chicago).
b) No particular suspicions in her Biological Passport, otherwise this was the formula IAAF could use for banning Rita, without remaining in a vague area, pointing on that she had to lose the result of Boston "according to the rule 40.8 of the IAAF for antidoping", rule that can have extensive interpretation and regards the behavior of the athlete, too.
In conclusion :
a) Rita was totally stupid taking EPO for shortening the period of her recovery from an injury, before Chicago. She already was the winner of the jackpot, and all their races, before Chicago, were without any official problem of doping. Her best solution was to skip Chicago, looking for the next year.
b) Rita took EPO before Chicago, and ran one of the worst races of her life. This because her training was not enough, in spite of the EPO assumption
c) Rita deserves to be banned, because she tried to cheat, and this is a right punishment for who thinks possible to do something out of the rules in order to take advantage against other competitos
d) In all this story, there is one only evidence : RITA USED EPO, but there is no evidence that EPO improved her performances.
In any case, my opinion is that, when some athlete is doped, IAAF has to cancel ALL THE RESULTS ACHIEVED DURING THE CAREER (also when was 15 years old, and totally clean). This sanction could be very much effective than 2 or 4 years of ban : the athlete lose image, must be refused by the organizers of the top activity on track or on road, and must be excluded by every type of Championships (World, Olympics, Area, National). This is not against any law : IAAF can clearly write this rule, and every athlete accepting to compete in the athletic system must respect the rule, for having the right to compete.
But, please, don't continue to overrate the effect of blood manipulation on the performance : this is the best way for becoming TESTIMONIAL of doping, and for stimulating all the runners who well know NEVER can be tested (or because weak, or because amateur, or because in a school...) to use EPO or any other type of vector with impunity, in the illusion they can reach levels not adequate to their talent, their training and their professionalism.